Monday, May 30, 2022

Prosperity in Context: A Closer Look at Jeremiah 29:11

So far in the Verses in Context miniseries, we’ve taken a look at three verses from the New Testament (Philippians 4:13, Romans 8:28, and 2 Timothy1:7). Today, we’re turning to the Old Testament to examine another verse that is frequently claimed as a “life verse,” printed on journals, or hung on walls in isolation with no regard to the context in which it was written. Probably the most well-known translation for this verse is the New International Version, which reads:

“‘For I know the plans I have for you,’ declares the LORD, ‘plans to prosper you and not to harm you, plans to give you hope and a future.’” Jeremiah 29:11

Many people have leaned on this verse for comfort and encouragement that God has a plan for their lives, and not just any plan, but a plan that will bring them general prosperity and safety. But is that what this verse is saying? Who is the “you” to whom God is speaking?

When we look at this verse in its context, we see that it is actually part of a letter written by the prophet Jeremiah to a specific group of people at a specific point in time. By Jeremiah 29, the Babylonians have invaded the kingdom of Judah (made up of the two southern tribes of Israel), captured the people, and taken many of them to Babylon, leaving only the poorest in the land. The first verse of the chapter tells us who the audience of this letter is:

“These are the words of the letter that Jeremiah the prophet sent from Jerusalem to the surviving elders of the exiles, and to the priests, the prophets, and all the people, whom Nebuchadnezzar [the Babylonian king] had taken into exile from Jerusalem to Babylon” Jeremiah 29:1 (ESV).

So basically, everyone who had been exiled was the intended recipient of Jeremiah’s letter. Verse 2 tells us when the letter was sent, and verse 3 tells us by whom it was sent. The letter begins in verse 4: “‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, to all the exiles whom I have sent into exile from Jerusalem to Babylon:’” (ESV) Notice that God is the one who has sent the people into exile. Even though the Babylonians were the ones who invaded, this verse tells us that they did so at God’s allowance. God used them to punish the southern Israelites for their disobedience, as He had warned again and again that He would do.

In verses 5-7, God, speaking through Jeremiah, tells the people to put down roots in Babylon—to build houses, start families, “seek the welfare of the city,” (ESV) and pray for it. Apparently, the people had been hesitant to do this because they had been listening to false prophets (as described in verses 8-9) who made them think they wouldn’t be in Babylon for very long. In the preceding chapter, Jeremiah 28, we see that one of these false prophets, Hananiah, told the people that God would destroy Babylon within two years and the people would be free from their exile. God made it clear, though, that Hananiah was not speaking on His behalf, both through the words of Jeremiah and through Hananiah’s death (see Jeremiah 28:12-17).

So after God warns the people to stop listening to these false prophets in verses 8-9, He tells them the true length of their exile in verse 10—they would be in Babylon for seven decades: “‘For thus says the LORD: When seventy years are completed for Babylon, I will visit you, and I will fulfill to you my promise and bring you back to this place’” (ESV). And this is when we get to verse 11, which you may have noticed starts with our connecting-word friend “for”: “For I know the plans I have for you, declares the LORD, plans for welfare and not for evil, to give you a future and a hope. Then you will call upon me and come and pray to me, and I will hear you. You will seek me and find me, when you seek me with all your heart. I will be found by you, declares the LORD, and I will restore your fortunes and gather you from all the nations and all the places where I have driven you, declares the LORD, and I will bring you back to the place from which I sent you into exile” (vv.11-14, ESV).

God was essentially telling the people, “These ‘prophets’ think they know what my plans are, but they’re lying. I know what my plans are for you. You will be in exile for much longer than they’re telling you, but you won’t be in exile forever. I have promised to bring you home, and I keep my promises. My justice is not without mercy. When the time of your consequences is completed, I will bring you home, and when you truly seek me with your whole heart, you will find me, and I will bring you back.”

So that is the context of Jeremiah 29:11. The prosperity/welfare that God was promising was that of delivering the people from the poverty of exile and returning them to their homes. The absence of harm/evil was a promise that they would not be captives forever; God had not abandoned them to their enemies. The future and the hope that was in store for them was that of restoration of their land and of restoration of their relationship with God. And we see in other parts of the Bible (Ezra 1:1, etc.) that God fulfilled that promise. The Babylonian Empire fell to the Medo-Persian one, and, as the Persians had a different policy of dealing with captives and occupied lands than the Babylonians did, they eventually sent the Jewish people home (70 years after they had been taken to Babylon, just as God had said).

But does it follow, then, that there is nothing in this verse that is applicable for us today? Just because this verse has a specific meaning for a specific people at a specific point in history and the promises it made were fulfilled, does that mean we can’t claim its promises now for our lives? Does God not know the plans He has for us in the 21st-century? Has He not given us “a future and a hope” too?

For those of us who have turned from our sin, trusted in Jesus and what He did on our behalf, and thus become adopted children of God, we are His people. Just as the ancient Israelites were chosen by God as a picture of what it meant to be God’s people and were given promises as part of that special relationship, so too, followers of Jesus, i.e. “the Israel of God” (see Galatians 6:16), those who are “a people for his own possession,” who “were not a people, but now […] are God’s people” (see 1 Peter 2:9-10), have been given promises as well.

Throughout the New Testament there are many references to the plans God has for us, to the future and the hope that we have in Him. In Philippians 1:6, we see that God will finish “the good work He began” in us (think that sounds like He has a plan for us?). In John 14, Jesus tells His disciples (including His future ones), that He is preparing a place for us and will come back to take us to that place to be with Him (see the echoes of Jeremiah 29:10-14? “I will bring you back to the place”). As we saw in Romans 8:28, followers of Jesus have the promise that even suffering and hardship are redeemed by God and used for our good (remind of you Jeremiah 29:11? “plans for welfare and not for evil”). Colossians 1:5 speaks of the “hope laid up for [us] in heaven” (see the future and the hope there?).

And Ephesians 1:3-14 speaks to all of these things:

“Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places, even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love he predestined us for adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved. In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace, which he lavished upon us, in all wisdom and insight making known to us the mystery of his will, according to his purpose, which he set forth in Christ as a plan for the fullness of time, to unite all things in him, things in heaven and things on earth.

“In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will, so that we who were the first to hope in Christ might be to the praise of his glory. In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, who is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory” (ESV, emphasis added).

Do you see how much that passage speaks to the plans of God, to the prosperity/welfare that is ours both now (spiritual blessings) and in the future (an inheritance), to the lack of harm/evil in store for us because of the gracious redemption and forgiveness God offers, to the hope that we have in Jesus and the future that is stored up for us, as guaranteed by the Holy Spirit?

So if we as Christians want to claim, ponder, or cling to verses that remind us that God has a good plan for our lives, we have a wealth of ones to choose from without needing to use Jeremiah 29:11 outside its context. But that doesn’t mean Jeremiah 29:11 is left with no encouragement for us. The way in which God dealt with the ancient Israelites shows us His character—both His justice and His mercy, His sovereignty and His love, His wisdom and His kindness. Just as the Israelites’ rebellion was not strong enough to overpower the love of God or to keep Him from fulfilling His promises, so too His love for us overcame our rebellion, and His promises to those in Christ stand secure. Just as He kindly and graciously returned them to their home, He will one day kindly and graciously bring us to our ultimate home. Just as their relationship with Him was restored, so we can enjoy a restored relationship with Him because of Jesus.

Jeremiah 29:11, as it fits in the context of the history of the Israelites, reminds us that God is a loving, merciful God who never changes and who does what He says He will do—God, who is the same One to whom we belong. And that, my friends, is something worth holding onto.

PC: Teresa Cantrell. Used with permission.


No comments:

Post a Comment